连接客户端
文档类型:教程型
文档结构:教程目的,前置准备,分步骤讲解原理 & 示例,相关文档推荐;
内容提要:
- ByConity 提供哪些客户端或者驱动方式进行与其他系统的交互
- 如何在部署好集群后,下载、启动这些客户端
命令行客户端(CLI)
Docker Client
如果你已经安装了 Docker,那么只需下面命令就可以直接建立 ByConity 连接:
docker run -it yandex/clickhouse-client --host 127.0.0.1 --port 9000 --user default --password xxxx
下面各项均为可选项,视情况而定:
--host xxx
主机 IP 或域名--port 9000
tcp 端口,默认为 9000--user default
用户名--password xxxx
密码
Clickhouse Client
Byconity 兼容 ClickHouse 开源社区所提供的客户端。
- 各操作系统安装 ClickhouseClient 参考,下面是以 MacOS x86_64 为例的安装命令:
curl -O 'https://builds.clickhouse.com/master/macos/clickhouse' \
&& chmod a+x ./clickhouse
sudo mv ./clickhouse /usr/local/bin/
- 建立连接:
clickhouse client --host 127.0.0.1 --password xxxx
clickhouse client --help
可以查看可选参数,这里的参数和上面
docker run -it yandex/clickhouse-client ...
后面的参数名是一致的
各语言驱动器(Driver)
Clickhouse 官方提供的各种语言的开源 Driver 可直接用于 Byconity 连接。
Python
clickhouse-connect
- clickhouse-connect 只支持 python3
- 安装:
pip3 install clickhouse-connect
- 示例代码:
import clickhouse_connect
# connect
client = clickhouse_connect.get_client(host='localhost', username='default', password='xxxx')
# query
query_result = client.query('SHOW DATABASES;')
print (query_result.result_set)
clickhouse-driver
- Python3 安装:
pip3 install clickhouse-driver
- Python2 安装:
pip install clickhouse-driver
- 示例代码:
from clickhouse_driver import Client
from clickhouse_driver import connect
# connect
client = Client(host='localhost',port =9000, user='default', password='xxxx')
# query
query_result = client.execute('SHOW DATABASES;')
print (query_result)
Go
使用 clickhouse-go 连接
- clickhouse-go 相比后面的 ch-go 对 Go 的类型支持更友好,底层由 ch-go 实现,推荐使用。
- 在项目中执行
go get ``github.com/ClickHouse/clickhouse-go/v2
安装 - 示例代码:
package main
import (
"context"
"log"
"net"
"time"
"github.com/ClickHouse/clickhouse-go/v2"
)
func main() {
ctx := context.Background()
// 配置连接参数
conn, err := clickhouse.Open(&clickhouse.Options{
Addr: string[]{"127.0.0.1"},
Auth: clickhouse.Auth{
Database: "my_db",
Username: "default",
Password: "xxxx",
},
DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
var d net.Dialer
return d.DialContext(ctx, "tcp", addr)
},
Settings: clickhouse.Settings{
"max_execution_time": 60,
},
DialTimeout: time.Duration(10) * time.Second,
MaxOpenConns: 5,
MaxIdleConns: 5,
ConnMaxLifetime: time.Duration(10) * time.Minute,
ConnOpenStrategy: clickhouse.ConnOpenInOrder,
})
if err != nil {
log.Panic(err)
}
if err := conn.Ping(ctx); err != nil {
log.Panic(err)
}
// 执行 SQL
if err := conn.Exec(ctx, "SHOW DATABASES;"); err != nil {
log.Panic(err)
}
}
使用 ch-go 连接
- ch-go 对 Clickhouse 数据类型支持更好,性能稍高于 clickhouse-go。
- 安装:
go get ``github.com/ClickHouse/ch-go
- 示例代码:
package main
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"github.com/ClickHouse/ch-go"
"github.com/ClickHouse/ch-go/proto"
)
func main() {
ctx := context.Background()
c, err := ch.Dial(ctx, ch.Options{Address: "localhost:9000"})
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
var (
numbers int
data proto.ColUInt64
)
if err := c.Do(ctx, ch.Query{
Body: "SELECT number FROM system.numbers LIMIT 500000000",
Result: proto.Results{
{Name: "number", Data: &data},
},
// OnResult will be called on next received data block.
OnResult: func(ctx context.Context, b proto.Block) error {
numbers += len(data)
return nil
},
}); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Println("numbers:", numbers)
}
Java
用 clickhouse-jdbc 连接
- 通过 maven 配置安装:
<dependency>
<!-- please stop using ru.yandex.clickhouse as it's been deprecated -->
<groupId>com.clickhouse</groupId>
<artifactId>clickhouse-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>0.3.2-patch11</version>
<!-- use uber jar with all dependencies included, change classifier to http for smaller jar -->
<classifier>all</classifier>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>*</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
- 示例代码:
String url = "jdbc:ch://localhost:8123";
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("max_execution_time", "120");
ClickHouseDataSource dataSource = new ClickHouseDataSource(url, properties);
try (Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection("default", "password");
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()) {
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SHOW DATABASES;");
while(rs.next()) {
// ...
}
}
HTTP
ByConity 也提供 HTTP 连接方式,可以用 curl 或 postman 方式执行 SQL。curl 示例:
curl --location --request POST '127.0.0.1:8123/?max_execution_time=60&default_format=Native' \
--header 'Authorization: Basic xxx' \
--header 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
--data-raw 'SHOW DATABASES;'
- 以
Basic Auth
(用户名 + 密码)方式进行加密,加密结果为上面的--header 'Authorization: Basic xxx'
- 在 Body 中直接填写要执行的 SQL,对应上面的
--data-raw 'SHOW DATABASES;'
- HTTP 接口默认端口号为
8123
- 示例参数:
max_execution_time=60
指定查询最大等待时间(秒)- 默认情况下,返回的数据是
TabSeparated
格式的,default_format
可以指定TabSeparated
之外的默认格式